Using the geodetic surveying data from 1980 to 2005, temporal and spatial distribution of land subsidence in the city area of Tianjin is implemented based on GIS tool. The results show that holistic subsidence rate reduces during 26 years and is increasing from shoreline to inland. Over-exploitation of groundwater is the most important anthropogenic influencing factor, and the secondary consolidation of soft clay is the main natural influencing factor. Restricting groundwater exploitation strictly is an effective measure to control land subsidence.

Based on the periodic, trending, and stochasticcharacteristics of secular tide gauge data, a predictive methodology using stochastic-dynamic model was present to the sea level change research. The periodic term was resolved by wavelet and spectrum analysis. Stepwise regression was applied to the trending term analysis. The residual sequence was fitted by autoregression moving average model. Least-squares iteration method was applied for parameter estimation ofthe superposition model, which was composed of significant period model, trending term model and the residual sequenceautoregression moving average model. The stochasticdynamic model is applied to 57 years’monthly mean sea level data from Tanggu tide gauge for case study. The results show that the predictive methodology based on stochastic-dynamic model is feasible and efficient in sea level change prediction. Considering the high accuracy of modeling and predicting, this methodology can be used as a reference for future studies in sea level change.

The advantages and disadvantages of marine resources utilization can be foundthrough regional differences evaluation, which can be provided as the basis of taking measures to improve comprehensive benefits of marine resources utilization. Eleven coastal provinces of China are studied. Fifteen indices dividedinto 3 groups (economic benefits, social benefits and environmental enefits) are selected to build an index systemfor marine resources utilization evaluation. Based on niche ecostate-ecorole theory, the niche breadths of each province are calculated to represent the different benefits of marine resources utilization. Applying polygon synthesis indicator method for the integrated index calculation, regional differences of the 11 coastal provinces are evaluated for marine resources utilization benefits analysis. The results indicate that regional differences of marine resources utilization benefits are distinct amongthe 11 coastal provinces in China; the predominant provinces in marine resources utilization are Shanghai, Guangdong, and Tianjin, whose resources utilization is more effectivethan other provinces; the integrated indices of comprehensive benefits of the 11 coastal provinces are low as a whole, which indicates that there are great needs to improve the utilization benefits of marine resources; enhancing resources utilization efficiency and resisting marine hazards are the common needs for most coastal provinces.

Forest ecosystem plays an important role in supplying and maintaining ecosystem services in the situation of rapid economic development in Shandong province. Forest ecosystem services are divided into four facets: production, recreation, air quality improvement and water-soil conservation. Forest ecosystem services' values of the different counties are accounted by using the eco-economy evaluation methods. Based on the forest ecosystem services' values and mechanism analysis, an integrated assessment index system was established, which consisted of six indexes. The integrated assessment index system described the services at three aspects such as structure, density, and quality. By using the Polygon Synthesis Indicator method, each country got an score of integrated assessment. As a result, only 0.39 percent of the total area in Shandong province scores from 0.75 to 1 (gradeⅠ), 2.37 percent scores from 0.5 to 0.75 (gradeⅡ), 41.65 percent scores from 0.25 to 0.5 (grade Ⅲ), and 55.59 percent scores from 0 to 0.25 (grade Ⅳ). The results indicate that the forest ecosystem services of most countries in Shandong province is poor. According to the integrated assessment, some advices are proposed.